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Kalash people
The Kalasha (Kalasha: ''Kaĺaśa'', Nuristani: ''Kasivo'') or Kalash, are a Dardic indigenous people residing in the Chitral District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. They speak the Kalasha language, from the Dardic family of the Indo-Iranian branch. They are considered unique among the peoples of Pakistan.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www2.unitar.org/hiroshima/programmes/whs07/materials/Country%20Presentations/Pakistan.pdf )〕 They are also considered to be Pakistan's smallest religious community.
The neighboring Nuristani people of the adjacent Nuristan (historically known as Kafiristan) province of Afghanistan once practiced the same religion as the Kalash. By the late 19th century much of Nuristan had been converted to Islam, although some evidence has shown the people continued to practice their customs. Over the years, the Nuristan region has also been the site of much war activity that has led to the death of many endemic Nuristanis and has seen an inflow of surrounding Afghans to claim the vacant region, who have since admixed with the remaining natives.〔Hauner , M. (1991). The soviet war in afghanistan. United Press of America.〕〔http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/%28httpDocuments%29/3E2AD065B3616B2D802570B7005876F4/$file/Land_disputes_NRC_june04.pdf〕 The Kalash of Chitral maintained their own separate cultural traditions.〔Newby, Eric. A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush. 2008. ISBN 1741795281〕
==Etymology==
According to linguist Richard Strand, the people of Chitral apparently adopted the name of the former Kafiristan Kalasha, who at some unknown time extended their influence into Chitral.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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